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Pearson’s Research and Innovation Network

December 19, 2012 in Educator and Leader Effectiveness, Next Generation Learning

Today’s students face greater challenges than ever before as they prepare for college and careers. Yet too many of them are dropping out of high school or graduating without the knowledge and skills they need to compete globally or to progress in their lives. Policymakers, practitioners, researchers, and reformers agree that all too often the data and insights needed about how to improve student learning come too late.

To address the most pressing questions facing teachers and students, Pearson launched the Research & Innovation Network. The Network’s mission is to create, connect, and communicate research and digital innovations to drive personalized learning on a grand scale.

The Network is comprised of five specialized Centers, each tackling a piece of the research necessary to help raise achievement for all students. Pearson named nationally-recognized experts as leads of each center:

  • Digital Data, Analytics & Adaptive Learning, led by Dr. John Behrens
  • College & Career Success, led by Dr. Katie McClarty
  • NextGen Learning & Assessment, led by Dave Ernst, Dr. Steve Ferrara, Dr. Peter Foltz
  • Online Learning. led by Dr. Jeff Borden
  • Educator Effectiveness, led by Dr. Kelly Burling

Please click here to view (and share) a video introduction to the Research & Innovation Network. Future video posts will focus on specific Centers and the key role each plays in helping to advance our mission.

Happenstance

December 7, 2012 in Next Generation Learning

English: This is a high-resolution image of th...

English: This is a high-resolution image of the United States Declaration of Independence (article (Photo credit: Wikipedia)

In 1989, a man in Pennsylvania bought a picture at a flea market for $4.  He liked the frame and thought he could use it for another painting.  However, when he attempted to detach the picture from the painting, the frame disintigrated.  When the wood fell away and the picture was moved however, something amazing was discovered underneath.  One of the 500 original copies of the Declaration of Independence was found.  It fetched almost $2.5 million at auction.

I would guess that shopper, a Financial Analyst from Philadelphia, had no idea what would happen when he woke up that day.  In fact, it probably came in waves as he first discovered the document, then showed it to friends, one of whom suggested he have it appraised, took it to an appraiser, and the suggested value came back at around $1 milllion.  Of course, to get two and a half times that would be the next wave…

This leads me to 2012.  While I didn’t happen upon a windfall economically, a series of meetings, introductions, and conversations have led me to a windfall of research that I’m very excited to share.  A few weeks ago, I was named as the Director of the Center for Online Learning.  This efficacy center is part of the Research Innovation Network (RIN) established by Pearson at the start of 2012.  There are five centers in total:

  • Educator Effectiveness (led by Kelly Burling, PhD)
  • NextGen Learning & Assessment (led by Steve Ferrara PhD & Peter Foltz PhD)
  • College Career & Success (led by Katie McClarty PhD)
  • Digital Data, Analytics, & Adaptive Learning (led by John Behrens PhD)
  • and my center – the Center for Online Learning (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gv38mnZhx3E - you can see ALL of the RIN center videos on YouTube now)

The research center concept came out of the Assessment & Information Test group, where pure, academic research had been conducted for years to determine efficacy, efficiency, and effective practices in and around testing.  However, as the power of this kind of informed data became obvious, the head of Pearson North America (Will Ethridge), along with Dr. Kimberly O’Malley, VP of Research and Development as well as the Center’s overall director formed a network of research groups.  The mission of the centers is to actively pursue critical education research that not only identifies trends, effective practices, transformative processes, and reform issues, but actually drives solutions that will impact and help change education in a meaningful and effective way.

So, in this P-20 initiative, we will work with researchers around the world of education to identify needs, problems, solutions, and offer data-driven suggestions to help.  We will help fund research, perform studies of our own, align with education policy groups, and add to the growing body of education research that exists today, while we (ultimately) improve education at every level.

As we launch the RIN website in January of 2013, my center has some catching up to do.  As the last Center to be established, I will do my best to find, support, and produce quality research in and around online learning.  From 1:1 initiatives to questions involving OER, modality, mobile, and beyond, I hope to drive the eLearning conversation forward.  I trust you’ll read the other director’s blog posts about some really cool studies they are currently involved in.  And as far as my own center goes, I’ve inherited a few projects already underway.  From a 1:1 Learning Framework initiative that hopes to identify key strategies or components that will have a measurable, positive impact on student learning and teacher instructional effectiveness, to a digital devices project which seeks to develop a research and development plan to address the topic of score interpretations when assessments and instructional content are delivered across devices such as computers, netbooks, tablets, smartphones, etc., we have some exciting work already moving forward.

But of course there will be MUCH more.  So, just like the lucky man above, I invite you to watch if not participate in the “waves” that I believe are coming.  There is a lot we need to understand better about this new modality that holds such promise.  I hope you will help us determine the most effective practices, policies, and techniques for the best teaching and learning possible.  Good luck and good teaching.

Considerations for Next-Generation Assessment

June 27, 2012 in Data and Technology, Next Generation Assessment

Educators, state and federal leaders, and testing experts are all converging this week at the Council of Chief State School Officers’ National Conference on Student Assessment (NCSA). In line with the conference theme of “Teaching, Learning and Assessment through the Next Decade,” much is being said about how states are grappling with the transition to online assessment.

Some states have already taken the plunge and have scars and badges of honor to prove it. Others are just dipping their toes in the waters of online assessment. Either way, everyone seems to be talking about what it means to transition to next-generation assessment. The pluses and the potential pitfalls. That’s because the reality is: it’s coming.

As I’ve said in previous posts, one of the most exciting aspects of this transition is the promise that technology-enhanced assessments not only offer to better inform, but also to provide fresh insight into student learning and performance — ultimately facilitating more personalized instruction for individual students and accelerating overall student growth.

But, this is a reality too: transitioning to an online assessment system is complex. States are faced with no simple task. Invariably, they will need to address challenges and overcome uncertainties along the path toward progress. Yet, careful planning and management at both the state and local levels of the education system can help mitigate these challenges and uncertainties, resulting in successful implementations that reflect today’s world and help prepare our students for their futures.

To help states navigate this next big adventure, Pearson developed – with support from education technology-focused associations and state assessment and technology leaders – a Next-Generation Assessment Roadmap. You can find the roadmap, webinars and case studies here: www.PearsonAssessments.com/NextGenRoadmap.

Technology-Enabled Education: A Game Changer

June 25, 2012 in Data and Technology, Educator and Leader Effectiveness, Next Generation Learning

Everyone knows that technology is playing an increasingly important role in the way students want to learn. With more than six million students now taking at least one online course and at least triple that in a blended environment, the technology enabled classroom is here to stay.

As an educator and academic consultant in the field of higher education, I have seen the tremendous impact of technology on instruction and learning. For example, the ability to redesign entire courses with digitally embedded multimedia resources; provide a more efficient way to manage digital learning assets across an institution, and assess and remediate developmental skills.

What excites me is that we are starting to use technology in new and meaningful ways, making the most of how technology helps us scale, extend, and differentiate like never before. Serious repositories of content are easier to search and use; commercial assets are being disaggregated making for more personalized, meaningful, content; academic discussions are evolving to be more social, more focused, more outcomes based, and more effective.

Books, too, are becoming more social, more interactive, and easier to use than ever before. And, of course, all of this technology means clicks, recorded time, and behavioral patterns…in other words, more data.

As college enrollments surge to record levels, the average age of a college student continues to increase, and millions of students are finding they lack skills and even the confidence needed to do college-level work, technology is poised and ready to lead the charge. More effective tools and programs than ever before promise to help improve every student’s basic proficiencies, general skills, and critical thinking abilities.

This may seem too good to be true, but I have seen it all with my own eyes. The right people are talking with the right policy makers, decision enablers, and resource stakeholders at every level. Groups who traditionally have not worked together are making inroads toward successful implementations and partnerships that are changing education. Bookstores, libraries, companies, regulatory agencies, and many more are starting to work together and technology is often the instigator, the “grease” in the machine, and the accountability tool.

Are we there yet? No, we’re not even close. But technology has driven change in almost every industry known to man and it is wonderful to see it finally starting to transform education. So let’s get moving, because while it’s good to reflect a bit…we have work to do.

Online Education: Greater Choice, Flexibility

May 2, 2012 in Data and Technology, Next Generation Learning

Hands collaborating in co-writing or co-editin...

Two recent articles focusing on online education jumped out at me due to their strikingly contrasting messages.

The first, written by a student for the Crimson White at the University of Alabama, is a straight-ahead attack on the efficacy of online programs, stating that “educational technology is adopted at the expense of education’s human element.” More an editorial than a news story, the piece goes on to say that “electronic learning” fails to inspire students:

“As the University moves more introductory classes to an online format and outsources our education to companies like Pearson Education, fewer students are being inspired. Once it has been completely uploaded to the web, college will become a heartless, valueless exchange of data analogous to a file transfer. Knowledge gained this way is dry, shallow, lacks force and is a poor excuse for an education.”

With all due respect to the writer, I’d like to suggest that evidence points to a very different conclusion. For example, according to Going the Distance: Online Education in the United States, a 2011 survey from the Babson Survey Research Group and the College Board, over 6 million students are currently taking at least one class online, thirty-one percent of higher education students now take at least one course online, and 65% of higher education institutions now say that online learning is a critical part of their long-term strategy.

Rather than remove the human element, online programs actually help educators and students to interact in more personalized ways, creating engaging, productive learning experiences. In an earlier post, I pointed to efforts taking place throughout the country to move away from the traditional model of a professor talking “at” students, towards a more collaborative, participatory process. Which brings me to the second article I mentioned.

EducationNews’s Recent online Offerings Expand Higher Education Options reports that several new online programs, including the University of North Carolina’s Kenan-Flagler Business School’s MBA@UNC, are “a strong indicator that students now see online-only education as more legitimate [and] academically rigorous.” The article cites a survey conducted by Zogby in 2010, when there were many fewer online only programs in existence, in which 83 percent of executives said that an online degree is equal to a “traditional” one.

The bottom line?  The debate over the quality of online vs. on-the-ground programs misses the larger point.  The learning experience that both provide can be excellent or lacking depending on a wide range of variables, which is why colleges and universities maintain their own standards over all of their programs.  With this in mind, the innovations in online teaching with academically rich content and personalized learning are enabling schools to offer students greater choice and flexibility in pursuing their educational goals.  And, most college students today will benefit from a combination of both approaches.

Socializing in a Cyber World

January 23, 2012 in Next Generation Learning

We live in a cyber world. Who would have thought even a few years ago that we’d all use “ Facebook” and “Google” as verbs, and “tweet” would mean something other than the sound a bird makes?

Children and young adults born into this technology – cyber natives – often make no distinction between ‘real’ and ‘cyber’ worlds and in fact often prefer to communicate and socialize in the digital realm. The growing influence of digital technology on young adults’ lives is now extending into education, and most students use the Internet and other digital learning resources as naturally as they do pen or pencil. Many have taken an online class, and a growing number of students are getting their entire public school educations virtually, at virtual or cyber schools.

Many high quality virtual schools — like my school, Commonwealth Connections Academy – naturally build into their educational models opportunities for students to interact, collaborate and even socialize online, and build and cultivate active cyber learning communities. In a quality cyber school, students will be afforded many synchronous classroom opportunities with classmates and teachers. Some might criticize these classroom interchanges as less desirable than the physical social interchange in the traditional classroom. However, I contend these synchronous classroom interchanges provide the student the ability to exchange ideas in the absence of many of the distractions of the traditional classroom. The virtual student is not judged by classmates based the clothing they wear, how they look or even their age. They are also not distracted by public address announcements or the disruptive student. The student in the virtual classroom is judged by the quality of the student’s contribution to the academic discussion. The opportunities to develop collaborative group projects through video conferencing, email and other forums mirrors the “real world” collaborative work environments many adults experience in their chosen professions.

Outside of these synchronous classroom exchanges, students who attend a quality online program will have regular discussions with teachers by phone and/or email. It has been my experience that many cyber students are better able to advocate for themselves in terms of individual learning needs and defending work submitted than many students from a traditional classroom. The discussions between the online teacher and student are more individualized and in-depth than can often occur in the traditional classroom of 25 or more students. Many teachers and students who previously taught in, or attended a traditional school, report that they feel they know each other better in the online classroom than they ever did in their respective brick and mortar schools.

What about the opportunities for face to face socialization in a cyber school? In Commonwealth Connections Academy we have over 400 face to face “field trips” across our state. These field trips may be science labs in our mobile classroom, book fairs, art lessons or any number of social and educational experiences for students and families. These experiences may be content specific such as a lake effect snow study in Erie or wide ranging in scope such as a trip to the Renaissance Faire or a state park. In any respect these field trips give students the chance to meet with teachers, peers and students of varied ages. This brings me to a key point in terms of the “socialization” of the cyber student. The cyber school partners with the family to provide these opportunities. The parent or learning coach is with the student for many of these experiences. In many cases the students and families from the cyber school have more opportunities to meet individuals of varied backgrounds and ages than in any other education setting. The cyber school student interacts with adults and teachers who mentor them in his or her educational pursuits at a unique level compared to traditional schooling models.

Finally, we have to remember that today’s technology natives understand how to communicate via cell phones, computers, and other varied mobile and electronic devices. They feel “connected” to each other when communicating through these mechanisms in a way many who did not grow up with this technology cannot understand. In other words, they are, and will be socializing in ways yet to be defined.

Effective Schools – Looking at a Recent Working Paper Through the Virtual School Lens

January 23, 2012 in Next Generation Learning

An interesting working paper was released in December entitled “Getting Beneath the Veil of Effective Schools: Evidence from New York City” by Will Dobbie and Roland G. Fryer, Jr. (http://www.nber.org/papers/w17632 ). You may have not had a chance to read it yet but if you are interested in school reform, I encourage you to read this paper as one of your New Year resolutions.

Recognizing that the charter schools studied were in New York City and may not be generalizable to the greater charter and virtual school population, I believe the paper brings empirical evidence to the forefront and substantiates some of the fundamental beliefs in the reform movement.

The authors found that input measures such as “class size, per pupil expenditure, the fraction of teachers with no teaching certification, and the fraction of teachers with an advanced degree – are not correlated with school effectiveness” (p. 2). In fact some of these input measures correlated with lower school effectiveness but what I found most interesting are the factors that correlated with positive school effectiveness and why I think the implications are relevant to virtual education.

The following factors were correlated with higher school effectiveness: “frequent teacher feedback, data driven instruction, high-dosage tutoring, increased instructional time, and relentless focus on academic achievement” (p. 2). Over the coming weeks, I’d like to review each of these factors and its applicability to virtual education. This week’s blog will focus on the first factor.

Factor 1: Frequent Teacher Feedback

I have been in virtual education for over 17 years. One comment that I have heard consistently from students over this time period is how much better they know their teachers online. I always find this comment interesting because it seems to be opposite of what you expect. How can students know their teachers better online? I believe that it has to do with the frequent teacher feedback and the ability to free teachers up from classroom management and focus on instruction. I encourage you to read the following blog postings from Connections Academy teachers and students that focus on interaction and feedback in an online classroom:

In a 2009 iNACOL report regarding effective communication, highly effective schools have policies on the frequency and type of communication between students and teachers http://www.inacol.org/research/docs/NACOL_QualityTeaching-lr.pdf . Many schools require a minimum response time and a minimum number of contacts per week. Others even evaluate the content of the feedback and insure that it meets criteria for effective evaluation.

One of the benefits of online teaching is the variety of communication tools that can be utilized to provide feedback such as email, webmail, learning management systems, discussion boards, synchronous chats, and text messaging. These technology tools can be maximized to provide frequent teacher feedback.

Frequent teacher feedback according to Dobbie and Freyer (2011) occurred 5.1 times more per semester in high achieving elementary charter schools and 6.35 more times in high achieving middle charter schools. Virtual schools have the ability and technology tools to require, monitor, and encourage frequent feedback between teachers and students. Increasing interactions can improve academic gains. An international study by the Centre for Educational Research and Innovation (2005) found that frequent interaction not only improves student learning but specifically increases learning gains for struggling learners (http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/19/31/35661078.pdf ).

Virtual schools are uniquely poised to substantially increase feedback to students. The nature of the teacher’s role in supporting learning, the individualization inherent in online learning, the technology tools available, and the ability to analyze feedback data creates an opportunity to increase the frequency and quality of feedback and increase learning gains. The ability to analyze feedback data is a component of data driven instruction (Factor #2) which we will examine in my next blog posting.

Time to Embrace Online Learning

December 15, 2011 in Data and Technology, Next Generation Learning

To be successful, our public education system must continually evolve and adapt to take advantage of innovation that supports different ways students learn. Today, young people are spending a significant portion of their lives online and learning in ways that take advantage of a wide-open universe of information available to them 24/7.   Educators must embrace this innovation and the power of online learning.

America’s K-12 educational system is in crisis and is failing too many children, especially children who aren’t well served  in traditional schools – students who are falling behind or want more challenge, students with health issues, and students who need a more flexible school schedule.   We must look for bold solutions to our education challenges.  Technology has the power to transform education and help all children achieve academic success by delivering personalized, student-centric learning and ongoing performance data to inform instruction.   That’s why, for many families, Connections Academy schools are an educational lifeline.

Full-time virtual school provides a visionary approach to education in the 21st Century.  We now have the means to provide tailored instruction and intervention that isn’t inhibited by the seat-time or classroom constraints found in traditional schools.

But confronting these innovations are critics who are determined to defend the status quo and question new approaches to teaching and learning, like virtual schools.

I have dedicated the last 10 years to building a high-quality K-12 online school program.  I know first-hand that these criticisms oversimplify the diverse and rapidly changing landscape in online learning.  Connections Academy has a proven track record of delivering academic achievement for students. Our graduates have gone on to further their educations at some of the finest colleges and universities.  Thousands of parents – year after year – choose to re-enroll their students in our schools and give us satisfaction ratings higher than the national average for all public schools.  Federal AYP results on par with bricks and mortar schools, state report cards, and awards that recognize our excellent teachers further tell the Connections Academy success story.

I welcome an open dialogue on the relative costs and benefits associated with online learning and virtual schools.  But that dialogue is not served by biased news reports that fail to account for the tangible, demonstrable, student successes in the field.

Simple, Elegant…AUDIO

August 24, 2011 in Next Generation Learning

A digital sound recorder

Image via Wikipedia

I am lucky enough to travel the globe talking with educators about the future of eLearning.  Along the way, I’m guessing that I’ve learned as much as I’ve taught.  I have seen fantastic uses of RLO’s like you can find at www.merlot.org or the Orange Grove.  I have watched instructors teach with powerful websites like www.historypin.com or the digital microscope out of the UK.

And these innovations are truly exciting to me.  Because eLearning has FINALLY made the shift beyond simple translation of on-ground teaching and learning.  It’s no longer good enough for a faculty member to say, “This is how I do it face to face…how can I do that online?”  It’s finally to the point where we (eLearning instructors) are asking, “How do I BEST teach this concept using the tools at my disposal?”

And that leads me to audio, believe it or not.  Something that many technologists would consider “old school” is just what the doctor ordered for modern, online classes.  I’m sure I’ll blog more about the concept of immediacy (perceived psychological or physiological closeness) at some point, but bringing audio to the party really helps instructors and students connect to each other.  As well, the efficiency aspect of audio does exactly what technology is supposed to doit makes teaching with technology easier.

Let me see if I can show you how.  First, download a great audio editor.  (I personally love the open-source software:  Audacity - although make sure you also download “lame” at the same time.)  Then, go buy a $4 microphone from your favorite super-mart.  Now, it’s time to start recording!

First, add your voice with context, ideas, praise, and critique to your course.  Every Sunday night I record a simple 3 minute audio that reviews the past week and previews the upcoming materials.  It’s a fantastic way to get everyone on the same page each week.  (Note – I ALWAYS add the file to my Course Homepage as an .mp3 file – this ensures every student can play it and it also gives any students who wish to download it the opportunity.)

Next, open a big, gradable assignment.  As a Composition teacher as well as a Public Speaking teacher, I use this for speeches and for essays.  Now, as you read the paper or watch the speech, keep your audio recorder open too.  Anytime you would typically write a comment, simply hit the record button and TELL your student that feedback.  For example, when I grade a speech, I fill out my pre-planned rubric and record my thoughts.  Those two files are sent to my students who LOVE the method.  (They say it feels like I’m, “standing over their shoulders” as they review their work.)  Plus, it takes me 1/3 the time to grade student speeches…nice.

Finally, add an audio comment or two in the discussions.  Give yourself 2 minutes to really explore, expand, or critique the comment of a student.  You will be amazed at how much you can say in only 2 minutes…

Now before you start thinking about accessibility, I also recommend downloading some speech to text software.  If you have hearing impaired students, this is a must for a text equivalent.  But, since this is not audio that is part of my content, I can deal with that on a course by course (student by student) basis.

When I’m done, I have transformed grading and communication into a less time-consuming, more engaging option for my students.  It’s just one of a thousand ways to take eLearning to an appropriately engaging level.

Good luck and good teaching.

On Your Mark, Get Set…

May 13, 2011 in Educator and Leader Effectiveness

Who was your first girlfriend or boyfriend?  (Becky Sanders…third grade…I cried when she left school to move to Utah…I was a ridiculously girlish little boy…)  Who was the first man on the moon?  Do you remember your first car?  What was your first job?

Let’s try something harder.  What was the first thing you remember about your child’s birth? What was your first day of work like at your current job? What was the first thing you had your class of students engage in last term?

When I was asked to start blogging for Pearson Forward, I realized that I just HAD to talk about firsts!  There is a start to everything and it’s important to think strategically about it.

I also just re-watched “50 First Dates” on a plane and it reminded me of something important, besides the notion that amnesia would really be bad… Firsts are important to most people.  Most of us are sentimental enough to remember a list of firsts that are significant to us.  In educational terms, it’s called primacy.  People tend to remember the first part of a conversation, the first part of an event, or the first part of a class quite readily.  And, as this is of seeming importance to most of us, perhaps it’s time to revisit how to create a strong first impression on your students.

Think about the importance of an introduction.  What is the first thing your college speech teacher told you to do?  (Hopefully it’s get the audience’s attention in a meaningful way…)  What does research show that should mean to us?  It means:

  • The beginning of a meeting, workshop, or session is crucial.
  • The start of the term, semester, quarter, or year is essential!
  • The first 30 seconds of an interview typically makes or breaks the ability to get hired.
  • The first 12 minutes of a date is the best predictor of a second date.

So start paying attention to firsts!  How have you planned to start the student experience before anyone even sits down?  What are the first words to come out of your mouth when you greet your students?  (Please do NOT say, “This class is XYZ 101 and here is the syllabus…!!!”  That is the most BORING opener of all time!)  What is the first image your online students see when they enter the eLearning environment?  What is the first activity you’ll engage in you’re your students?  What story do you have prepared for the first lecture?  What essential question will you pose to really get your student’s thinking about a valuable, important concept?  And the list goes on.

We experience firsts every day.  How you treat them is important.  Strategy and purpose should be the order of the day.  A good joke can go a LONG way.  A great picture can set the tone immediately.  A powerful passage of music, video, or other media can be profound.  A narrative that illustrates how competent you are or how transparent you’ll be can make the difference between a typical professor and a highly regarded one.  Immediacy can change the dynamic of a classroom entirely (for the better).

So, as the old saying goes, you can’t make a second first impression!  Set yourself up for success early and you will have a much smoother, more productive, effective class, presentation, or interaction than if you try to create on the fly.